𝐂𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐓𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐜𝐬 (𝐒𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐬𝐞)

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𝟏. 𝐀𝐫𝐫𝐚𝐲𝐬 & 𝐇𝐚𝐬𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠
- Efficient lookup and manipulation using arrays and hash maps.
- Problems: Two-sum, longest consecutive sequence, subarray sums.

𝟐. 𝐓𝐰𝐨 𝐏𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬
- Solving sorted or linear problems with dual indices.
- Problems: Pair sums, valid palindrome, max area.

𝟑. 𝐒𝐥𝐢𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐖𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐰
- Dynamically adjust subarray size.
- Problems: Longest substring without repeating characters, max sum subarray.

𝟒. 𝐁𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐒𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡
- Divide-and-conquer for sorted data.
- Problems: Search in rotated sorted array, peak element.

𝟓. 𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐤𝐞𝐝 𝐋𝐢𝐬𝐭
- Sequential data with pointers.
- Problems: Reverse a list, detect cycles, merge lists.

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𝟔. 𝐓𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐬
- Binary and n-ary trees, traversals.
- Problems: LCA, validate BST, tree diameter.

𝟕. 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬
- Prefix-based operations.
- Problems: Word search, autocomplete.

𝟖. 𝐇𝐞𝐚𝐩/𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐐𝐮𝐞𝐮𝐞
- Efficient priority operations.
- Problems: Merge k sorted arrays, top k elements.

𝟗. 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐬
- Traversal (DFS, BFS), connected components.
- Problems: Number of islands, cycle detection.

𝟏𝟎. 𝐀𝐝𝐯𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐝 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐬
- Shortest paths, MSTs, topological sort.
- Problems: Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford, Kruskal’s algorithm.

𝟏𝟏. 𝐁𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠
- Explore all possibilities with recursion.
- Problems: N-Queens, subset generation.

𝟏𝟐. 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐬
- Sorting and merging ranges.
- Problems: Merge intervals, meeting rooms.

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𝟏𝟑. 𝟏-𝐃 𝐃𝐏
- Optimization in one dimension.
- Problems: Climbing stairs, maximum subarray sum.

𝟏𝟒. 𝟐-𝐃 𝐃𝐏
- Grid-based or dual-dimension optimization.
- Problems: Unique paths, LCS, edit distance.

𝟏𝟓. 𝐆𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐝𝐲
- Local optimal choices for global solutions.
- Problems: Activity selection, minimum cost ropes.

𝟏𝟔. 𝐁𝐢𝐭 𝐌𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
- Binary operations for efficiency.
- Problems: Single number, bit counting.

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𝟏𝟕. 𝐌𝐚𝐭𝐡 & 𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲
- Modular arithmetic, primes, geometry problems.
- Problems: GCD, area of shapes, prime sieve.